28 Şubat 2013 Perşembe

Arizona State Fish

Arizona State Fish

Apache Trout (common name)
Oncorhynchus gilae apache (scientific name)

Overview

This native trout from the White Mountains of Arizona is gold in color with a dark olive head and back, dark spots all over, and a black stripe across the eyes. The Apache trout lives in clear, cold streams, lakes, and marshes. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the White Mountain Apache Tribe have been working to increase the population of the Apache trout since the 1940s, and although it remains endangered, their efforts have increased the species’ numbers. The Apache trout was adopted as the state fish of Arizona in 1986.

Close-up

STATUS
Official
PHYSICAL DETAILS
Length: Average 10 inches; up to 24 inches (25 cm–61 cm)
Weight: Average 1 pound; up to 6 pounds (450 g–2.7 kg)
LIFESPAN
Unknown
HABITAT
Can survive up to 5,900 feet (1800 m)
Range: Apache trout inhabit clear lakes and forested streams in the White Mountain area in east-central Arizona. Stocked Apache trout are also present in the Pinaleño Mountains in southeastern Arizona and in the Black River and the Little Colorado River.
Water type: Freshwater
Water temp: 55-70°F (13-21°C)
Conservation Status: Critically Endangered
DIET
The Apache trout eats flies, fly larvae (particularly the Caddis fly), mosquitoes, aquatic insects, worms, small fish, and other small aquatic organisms.
REPRODUCTION
Fertilization: External
Spawning frequency: March to Mid-June
Mating behavior: Distinct pairing
Egg laying: The female constructs a nest-like depression called a redd in loose gravel and lays 70–600 eggs. The males then swim by and fertilize them. The eggs hatch after 30 days, and it takes up to three years for the fish to fully mature.
USES
Game fish
OTHER NAMES
Native trout, Arizona trout, Gila trout, cut-throat trout
TRIVIA
  • The scientific name of the Apache trout, Oncorhynchus gilae apache, was given for the Native American territory in which it was first identified and the Gila River in Arizona. 
  • After the Endangered Species Act of 1969 was passed, this trout became one of the first species to be protected under it.

Click to enlarge an image
State Fish
Apache Trout
State Fish
Jumbo Arizona Trout
State Fish
Collecting Eggs from Arizona Trout

CLASSIFICATION
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Actinopterygii
Sub-Class:Osteichthyes
Order:Salmoniformes
Family:Salmonidae
Genus:Oncorhynchus
Species:O. gilae
Subspecies:O. g. apache
Raw Data Source: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Author: World Trade Press


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